BS ISO 20205:2015 pdf free download.Space data and information transfer systems Spacecraft Onboard Interface Systems Low Data-Rate Wireless Communications for Spacecraft Monitoring and Control.
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE
BS ISO 20205 presents the recommended practices for die utilization of low data-rate wireless communication technologies in support of spacecraft ground testing and flight monitoring and control applications. Relevant technical background information can be found in reference 131.
The recommended practices contained in BS ISO 20205 enable member agencies to select the best option(s available for interoperable wireless communications in the support of spacecraft monitoring and control applications. The specification of a Recommended Practice facilitates iniemperable communications and forms the ftundation for cross-support of communication systems between separate member space agencies.
1.2 SCOPE
This Reconimended Practice is targeted towards monitoring and control systems. typically low data-rate and low-power wireless-based applications.
1.3 APPlICABIlITY
This Recommended Practice specifics protocols (including at least the Physical [PHY} layer and Medium Access Control IMACI sublayer of the Open Systems Interconnection IOSII Model—see reference Fl 1) that enable a basic interoperable wireless communication system to support low data-rate spacecraft monitoring and control applications.
1.4 RATIONALE
From an engineering standpoint, mission managers. along with engineers and developers, are faced with a plethora of wireless communication choices, both standards-based and proprietary. This Recommended Practice provides guidance in the selection of systems necessary to achieve inieroperable communications in support of wireless, low data-rate moniloring and control.
1.5 DOCL.IMENT STRUCTU RI:
BS ISO 20205 is composed from a top-down (technology) perspective, first defining the technology as a recommended practice. then prosiding informative material supporting specific application profiles. (For more in1irmation on space mission use cases addressed by wireless technologies, see reference 131).
Section 2 provides an informational overview of the rationale and benefits of spacecraft oriboard wireless technologies for use in spacecraft monitoring and control operations.
2 OERVIEW
2.1 RATIONALE AND BENEFITS
Monitoring and controlling the behavior of a spacecraft and launch systems. during testing phases on ground or during nominal operations in orbit, is the key to ensuring the correct functioning of various onboard systems and structures, the responses of these systems in their operational working environments, and the long-term reliability of the spacecraft. These data are also highly significant when compiling lessons learned that will be applied to building better space systems and increasing the reliability of ftuture space components. (Refer to reference [31 for a comprehensive overview of application domains and for a detailed summary of RF communications and restrictions in differing operational environments.)
The quantity of acquired spacecraft functional data depends on the ability to monitor required parameters at precise locations within a given project time and cost envelope. Hundreds and often thousands of data measurement locations are required. steadily increasing the mass (acquisition systems, cables, and harnesses) and the prqject Costs and time (installation and verification of each new sensor)
The use of wireless technologies is foreseen to reduce the integration effoi’t. cost, and time typically required to instrument a high number of physical mcasuremcnt points on a space structure. Technicians should need less time to imegrate and verify their installations, while the risk of mechanically damaging interfaces during the process should be reduced. Large structures should see health monitoring equipment mass reduced. while last-minute changes in the instrumentation (e.g.. addition/removal of sensing nodes at measui-emeni points should be easier to accept at project level, One of the byproducts of using wireless technologies in space systems is the extra flexibility introduced when implementing wireless fault-tolerance and redundancy schemes.
An overriding consideration in BS ISO 20205 is the desire to provide recommendations that utilize wireless technology to augment the overall ,wnivrking infrastructure in a spacecraft rather than to provide dedicated data transport to particular end-to-end application-specific subsystems. That is. although the recommendations specified in this document are related to relatively small-scale Personal Area Networks PANs) rather the more familiar Local Area Networks (LANs) such as Ethernet, the desire is for wireless PANs to function as natural extensions of the backbone LAN. This implies in particular that the recommendations specified herein focus on providing wireless data Iransport across the lower levels of the OSI model PHY and MAC) and not on achieving higher-level application-specific behavior.
2.2 SCOPE OF INTEROPERABILIT\’
The intent of the recommended practices promulgated in this book is to provide a framework for establishing a scalable wireless infrastructure for low-rate data transport that will (I) support traffic generated by diverse sensor types, multiple application-specific devices, and devices supplied by multiple different vendors and (2) facilitate operation of multiple wireless networks in the same bandwidth with minimal interference. The recommended
3 RECOMMENDED PRACTICES 10k LOW DATA-RATE WI RELESS COMMUNICATIONS FOR SPACECRAFT MONITORING AND CONTROL
3.1 OVERVIEW
This section presents the recommended practices for spacecraft monitoring and control applications u.ing low dab—rule wireless comlniuucatson technologies. (See table C-2 for a non-exhaustive set of example use-cases that may benefit from using low data-rate wireless communications.)
As discussed in section 2. in order to ensure the most basic interoperability between low data-rate wireless communication devices, the current recommendations are focused on specification of functionality at the air interface PHY layer and the MAC sublaycr of the OSI model. Following this guideline, two different compliant systems would thus be able to share the medium and potentially join the same wireless network.
3.2 RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
3.2.1 APPLICATIONS SUITEI) FOR SINGLE-HOP CONTENTION-BASED COM ‘it UNICATIONS
For spacecraft monitoring and control activities employing low data-rate contention-based wireless communications in single-hop configurations, both the air interface PHY layer and the MAC sublayer shall comply with the IEEE 802.15.4-2011 specification (reference (I]).
Single-hop contention-based communication networks and devices should utilite the 2.4 6Hz frequency band. (See annex I) for rationale pertaining to 2.4 6Hz band preferences; see reference 131 for Electromagnetic Interference (EM I) considerations of the 2.4 6Hz frequency band.)
3.2.2 APPLICATIONS SUITEI) FOR SINGLE-HOP SChEDULED MEDIUM. ACCESS COMMUNICATIONS
For spacecraft moniwring and control activities employing low data-rate communications utilizing a scheduled medium-access scheme in a single-hop configuration, both the air interface PHY layer and the MAC sublayer shall comply with the ISA 100.1 Ia-20l I PHYlayer and MAC-sublayer specifications (reference 121).
3.2J RESTRICTIONSIHAZA RDS
When selecting a wireless technology for application in a spacecraft environment, the risks associated with the selected radio frequency band. transmission power level, and physical location should be taken into account for the following governing environmental factors:
a) Operation in explosive environments:
N RF exposure levels in excess of governniemnal limits see annex D);
C) Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC).