BS 6264:1982 download free. Procedure for operator training for earth-moving machinery.
0 Introduction
In preparing this guide it has been assumed that the candidates for basic operator training will be without any significant operational experience with the types of machine specified, and that candidates for more advanced training will previously have received training to the standard included in the basic training syllabus.
Proper selection of potential operators is essential if training is not to be wasted on unsuitable candidates. Earth-moving machinery operation is arduous, skilful work, often carried out in poor site conditions and a high degree of aptitude and enthusiasm is required. Candidates must be medically fit, sufficiently robust physically, and well-coordinated with good reflexes.
1 Scope and field of application
BS 6264 specifies the nature of operator training appropriate for earth-moving machinery. It does not specify any procedure for proficiency or assessment of competence of an operator’s ability, since these factors are usually covered by local and national procedures and regulations. It does not specify who is responsible for the training. It applies to machines as defined in
ISO 6165.
2 References
ISO 4510, Earth -moving machinery — Maintenance and adjustment tools.
ISO 6165, Earth-moving machinery — Basic types — vocabulary.
Iso 6405, Earth-moving machinery — Symbols — Operator controls and others.
ISO 6750, Earth-moving machinery — Operation and maintenance — Guide to the format and content of manuals.
3 Structure of training programmes
3.1 General
The content of each individual training programme should be integrated within the scope of all the programmes to provide a sequence of operational development from elementary principles to competent operation of the most sophisticated machines. Whilst the actual content of a programme may be adjusted to suit individual conditions, the sequence of development should be observed.
4.2 Typical content
a) Use of operator instruction, lubrication and safety manuals (see ISO 6750).
b) Development of ability to use fully the relevant information shown in diagrams and symbols (see ISO 6405).
c) Basic dimensional data, for example, mass, ground pressure, speed. etc.
d) Actual machine operation in basic applications, including an appreciation of the factors involved in maximising machine productivity.
e) Use of load charts related to machine capability and stability.
f) Operator maintenance of items such as engine, transmission, cooling system, lubrication. battery, tyres, tracks, brakes, etc., including use of tools (see Iso 4510) and maintenance and lubrication manuals (see ISO 6750).
g) Starting and stopping, indicating precautions.
h) Purpose and use of instruments on dashboard and elsewhere.
j) Principles and use of air and hydraulic control systems relative to operator’s responsibilities.
k) Operator’s general duties and particularly the limits of those duties in machine assembly and dismantling, changing equipment, maintenance and servicing, etc.
1) Correct and safe practices to ensure accident-free operation.
m) Daily “walk-around” inspection to cover items specified in operator manual (see ISO 6750).
4.3 Duration and location of course The time indicated is a minimum and is for the training of literate and receptive candidates. Wherever possible, and for less literate persons (particularly those not familiar with the language of instruction) the course length should be increased as necessary.
The course should he carried out at an established training centre, or under adequate supervision on a manufacturer’s or contractor’s test or construction site.
The training syllabus content and course duration should be related to the trainees’ educational background. The minimum instruction duration should preferably be not less than 40 h but whenever necessary this should be increased as appropriate.
The course should include sufficient classroom work to cover the level of technical competence needed, and the remainder of the instruction should be carried out on actual machines.
6.2.5 Preparation for mounting of equipment
a) Operation to be performed.
b) Use of operator’s tool kit.
c) Precautions to be taken.
6.2.6 Movement of machine between work sites
a) Driving on the road (example, follow the traffic regulations with respect to construction machinery).
b) Method of loading and securing on a road vehicle or railway platform car.
c) Methods of handling including sling points, towing attachment, etc.
6.2.7 Special conditions of use
a) Precautions to be taken during cold weather:
— refer to manufacturer’s manual and relevant service bulletins regarding cold weather operation;
— refer to lubrication manual (see ISO 6750) regarding lubricants, hydraulic fluids, coolants, etc.;
— special precautions (for example, electrical equipment, starting motor, etc.);
— operations to warm up machine.
b) Precautions to be taken during hot and/or humid weather.
c) Precautions to be taken for utilization in water, mud, etc.
d) Precautions to be taken for utilization in dusty atmospheres.
e) Precautions to be taken for other special conditions, for example, high altitude or corrosive atmospheres.
6.2.8 Fuels, lubricants, hydraulic fluids, coolants, etc.
Instruction in the use of fuels, lubricants, etc as specified in the manufacturer’s lubrication manual (see ISO 6750) should be included:
a) specifications of the fuels, lubricants, hydraulic fluids, coolants. etc. to be used;
b) precautions and the importance of cleanliness, etc. (see ISO 6750);
c) tank and circuit capacities in litres (gallons); d) follow manufacturer’s instructions for pressure refuelling.
6.2.9 Methods of lubrication and precaution.s The following instructions should be included:
a) daily reading of the hour meter (it is this operation which determines the time of the lubrication operations):
6.2.14 Optimum machine performance and output
Guidance to indicate good practice to maximise machine productivity, with minimum operator uneconomic effort, and minimum fuel consumption and wear and tear, should be included at all stages of the instruction, taking account of the necessity to work safely. Preferably, a specific period of instruction should be given at the end of the course to emphasize operation for productivity to include for example:
a) positioning of an excavator or similar machine to ensure minimum arc of swing (and, therefore, minimum cycle time);
b) operation of tractor scrapers to take full account of ground conditions and weather conditions (it may improve hourly output and greatly reduce wear on the machine to operate with reduced bowl capacity in very wet and muddy conditions);
c) development of proficiency in grading, rock ripping, operation on slopes (including transverse slopes) etc., necessity to observe caution when turning on side slopes;
d) adjustment of tracks to take account of ground, movement per cycle, amount of slewing, etc. to achieve maximum output with minimum machine wear and operator fatigue;
e) establish a proficiency standard to a recognised evaluation procedure.
6.2.15 Safety — general Re-emphasis at the end of the course in the observation of safety by the operator, typical subjects being:
a) regarding the machine (for example, chocking the wheels, parking, etc.);
b) regarding the site (for example, do not work on a machine on a slope which is liable to collapse);
C) do not work under overhanging embankments or undercuts;
d) ensure buckets, blades and similar items are lowered to ground after completing the work;
e) watch for trees and branches and high voltage lines;
f) ensure all safety devices are always intact and fully operational, including, for example, emergency brakes and steering, reverse alarms and seat belts;
g) greasing and other servicing or repair work should not be carried out when the engine is running;
h) identification of safety signs and symbols;
b) Refresher courses are to enable an operator to be kept up to date with the development of machines and improvements and changes in operating techniques, also to re-train operators who have not used a particular machine for some time.
c) The content of the courses should be selected from the syllabus contained in 6.2.1
to 6.2.15 inclusive, with the addition of such other subjects as may be appropriate in the circumstances.
d) The duration should be adequate to cover the scope of training required.
8 Record of training course completion
On successful completion of a course, a certificate may be issued. Where appropriate full details of the course may be recorded in the operator’s training record book (see clause 5).
Since in some countries statutory forms of certificate may already exist, BS 6264does not specify a format but it is suggested that the following minimum information should be included:
a) certificate registration serial number, when applicable:
b) operator’s name and other identification; c) contents of course and machine group covered, where necessary specific types of machine should be indicated:
d) duration of course, including dates of commencement and completion;
e) authorisation signature.