BS 6473:1984 pdf free download.British Standard Specification for Protective hats for horse and pony riders.
1. Scope
BS 6473 specifies performance requirements for protective hats for horse and pony riders. Performance levels and test methods are given for shock absorption. penetration resistance, strength of the chin strap and deflection of the peak. A method of assessing the extent of protection afforded by the hats is given in appendix A. Advice on selection and maintenance of protective hats is given in appendix F.
NOTE. The titles of the publications referred to in thés standard are listed on the inside back cover.
2. Definitions
For the purposes of BS 6473, the following definitions apply.
2.1 shell. The hard, smooth material that provides the general outer form of the hat.
2.2 protective padding. Liner material provided to absorb impact energy.
2.3 size padding. Material provided to ensure a close fit acceptable to the wearer.
2.4 cradle. The headband or other head fitting and those internal parts of the hat in contact with the head.
2.5 retention system. The harness and chin strap used to hold the hat in position on the wearer’s head.
2.6 draw-lace. A lace used for making adjustments to the fit of the cradle on the wearer’s head.
2.7 chin strap. The strap of material that passes under the wearer’s chin.
2.8 hat positioning index (see figure 1). The distance, as established by the manufacturer, from the lowest lateral mid•point at the front of the shell to the basic plane of the reference headform when the hat is positioned on the appropriate headform.
NOTE. This index should be furnished to any person who requests the information, with respect to a hat identified by manufacturer, model designation and size.
3. Materials
The characteristics of the materials used in the manufacture of hats shall be known not to undergo appreciable alteration under the influence of ageing, or of the circumstances of use to which the hat is normally subjected such as exposure to sun, extremes of temperature and rain.
For those parts of the hat coming into contact with the in, the materials used shall be known not to undergo appreciable alteration arising from the effects of sweat and of toiletries. The manufacturer shall not use materials known to cause skin disorders.
4. Construction
4.1 General. The construction of the hat shall be essentially in the form of a hard shell having a smooth outer surface, and containing the necessary additional means of absorbing impact energy secured within the shell. The assembled hat may be fabric covered. e.g. with velvet.
4.2 Finish. All edges shall be smooth and rounded and there shall be no screws, no rigid projections, and no metal parts on the inside of the hat which could injure the wearer’s head in the event of a fall. Any external projections shall be smooth and faired to other surfaces.
4.3 Shell. The shell of the hat shall be as nearly uniform in thickness and strength as possible, using normal manufacturing methods, and shall not be specially reinforced at the test points.
4.4 Peak. The hat shall be fitted with a flexible peak that retains its shape under normal conditions. The width of the rigid root of the flexible peak, if incorporated, shall not exceed 16 mm.
4.5 Retention. Retention of the hat on the wearer’s head shall be by means of a chin strap anchored to the shell at more than two points, and may include means of enhanced comfort for the wearer. The chin strap shall be permanently fitted with a fastening device, to adjust and maintain tension. The chin strap shall not be capable of removal from the hat.
4.6 Extent of protection. The extent of protection provided by the shell and protective padding shall include all areas above the reference plane. This shall be determined as described in appendix A.
5. Performance requirements
5.1 Shock absorption. When tested by the method described in appendix B neither of the maximum values of the transmitted force, obtained separately at the front and at the back of the hat, shall exceed 20 kN. If the hat incorporates a draw-lace this shall be undone prior to testing.
5.2 Penetration. When tested by the method described in appendix C the point of the striker shall not make electrical contact with or visibly indent the surface of the test headblock insert.
5.3 Chin strap. When tested by the method described in appendix 0, using a drop height of 375 ± 5 mm between the facing surfaces of the drop weight and anvil as shown in figure 3, the dynamic extension of the chin strap (including slippage of the buckle), as measured by displacement of the stirrup, shall not exceed 32 mm and the residual extension, with the weight at rest on the anvil, shall not exceed 16 mm.
5.4 Peak deflection. When tested by the method described in appendix E the deflection at the lateral midpoint of the front edge of the peak shall be greater than 6.0 mm.
6. Sampling and test sequence
6.1 SamplIng. Hats shall be tested as offered for sale (inclusive of the marking and labelling specified). Hats with adjustable sizing systems shall be tested at the maximum of the claimed size range. At least three samples of a given model and size or size range of hat are required for the performance tests given in this specification.
No hat which has been subjected to any test shall be offered for sale or worn by horse riders.
6.2 Tist sequence. After the extent of protection of the samples has been assessed as given in appendix A the samples shall be conditioned as described In clause 7 and each hat shall be subjected, within the time schedule specified in clause 7, to the tests given in appendices B to E. The tests shall be carried out in that order.
7. Conditioning for testing
7.1 Time schedule. After conditioning as described in 7.2, 7.3 and 7.4 each hat shall be subjected, with an exposure delay of not more than 90 s, to the shock absorption test, followed within 10 mm by the penetration test. All three hats shall also be assessed for chin strap strength and peak deflection. All assessment and performance testing of hats shall be carried out in an ambient temperature of 20 ± 5 °C.
7.2 High temperature. One hat shall be exposed to a temperature of 50 ± 2 °C for at least 2 h and not more than 24 h.
7.3 Low temperature. One hat shall be exposed to a temperature of – 10 ± 3 °C for at least 2 h and not more than 24 h.
7.4 Water. One hat shall be placed crown uppermost under
a nozzle spraying water at a temperature of 15 ± 5 °C to
flow over the whole of the outer surface of the hat for a
period of 2 h with a flow rate of 80 ± 15 L/h.
8. Headforms
Headforms used in testing hats shall comply with BS 6489.
Headforms of size B, 0, F, J, L and N provide a suitable
range.
9. Marking and labelling
Each hat shall be marked with the following information:
(a) the name, trademark or other means of identification of the manufacturer;
(b) the number of this British Standard, i.e. BS 6473:
1984*;
(c) the size or range of size (indelibly marked); Cd) the month and year of manufacture (manufacturers may use a code provided a record is kept).
Items (a). (b) and (c) shall be marked inside the hat. In addition items (a), (b) and (d) shall be indelibly marked at any point in or on the hat where this marking is protected from obliteration.
Additionally the information in appendix F shall be included in a label provided with each hat.
10. Information to users
Every hat offered for sale shall bear a fixed label carrying words to the following effect.
(a) For maximum protection this hat must fit closely and the retention system shall always be used and be correctly adjusted.
(b) This hat is designed to absorb some of the energy of a blow by partial destruction of the shell or protective padding material, or both. This damage may not be visible and therefore any hat which suffers an impact should be discarded and replaced by a new one.
(c) Where there is a draw lace it shall be correctly adjusted and knotted securely.
Cd) This hat should not be dry cleaned.