ISO 1920-5:2018 download.Testing of concrete Part 5 : Density and water penetration depth.
1 Scope
ISO 1920-5 specifies methods for testing the density and depth of water penetration of hardened
concrete.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to In the text In such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of ISO 1920-5. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1920-3, Testing of concrete — Part 3: Making and curing test specimens
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of ISO 1920-5, the following terms and definitions apply.
4.43 Mass of water-saturated specimen
Immerse the specimen in water at 20 °C ± 2 °C until the mass changes by less than 0,2 % in 24 h. Before each weighing, wipe the surplus water from the surface using a moist cloth.
Specimens of normal-weight concrete cured in water continuously for at least 72 h prior to testing may be assumed to satisfy this requirement.
Record the value, expressed in kilograms. of saturated mass as m.
NOTE In hot climate locations, the conditions can be different. In this case, alternative temperature of 27°C
± 2 °C can be included.
4.4.4 Mass of oven-dried specimen
Dry the specimen in a ventilated oven at 105 °C ± 5 °C until the mass changes by less than 0,2 % in 24 h.
Before each weighing, cool the specimen to near room temperature in a dry airtight vessel or desiccator.
Record the value, expressed in kilograms. of the oven-dried mass as m0.
4.4.5 Volume obtained by water displacement
4.4.5.1 General
This method is suitable for specimens of all shapes and Is the only method suitable for specimens of irregular shape.
The specimen shall be in a saturated condition.
This method is not suitable for specimens of no-fines concrete, concrete made with lightweight aggregate that floats in water, concrete with large pores, or specimens the moisture content of which is not to be altered. However, if an impermeable layer is applied to the specimen, this method may be used.
4.4,5.2 Mass In water
Allow the hydrostatic device of the balance to reach equilibrium. Ensure that the empty stirrup hanging from the balance is completely immersed in the water tank and that the stirrup is not touching the
5 Determination of water penetration under pressure
5.1 Principle
The method determines the depth of penetration of water under pressure in hardened concrete that has been water-cured, as-received, saturated or oven dried (cast in laboratory or cores extracted from sites).
Water is applied under pressure to the surface of hardened concrete. The specimen is then split and the depth of penetration of the water front Is recorded and measured.
5.2 Apparatus
5.2.1 Testing equipment, which shall consist of any equipment in which the test specimen, of given dimensions, is placed in such a manner that the water pressure can act on the test area and the continuously pressure applied displayed.
An example of a test arrangement Is shown In Figure 2.
It is preferable that the apparatus allow the other faces of the test specimen to be observed.
The water pressure may be applied to the surface of the test specimen either from the bottom or the top.
A suitable seal, made of rubber or other similar material, shall be used to provide the necessary sealing.
The dimension of the test area shall be approximately half of the length of the edge or diameter of the test surface.
— calculated density of specimen.
5.3 Test specimen
The undamaged specimen shall be cubic, cylindrical or prismatic of edge length, or diameter not less than 150 mm. Cored and sawn specimens may also be used.
The ratio olthc height to the length ofthc edge (or height-to-diameter) shall be greater than or equal to 0.5, but the height shall be not less than 100 mm.
Whilst specimen dimensions should generally be In accordance with ISO 1920-3. the tolerances are unimportant for this test.
NOTE Linda,naged specimens are free of any crack.s or segrelatbon traces.
5.4 Procedure
5.4.1 PreparatIon and conditioning of the test specimen
The test can be conduchd on:
— saturated specimen;
— oven dried specimen; or
— as-received samples (cores cut from existing structures).
The saturated test specimen shall be water-cured for 28 days in accordance with ISO 1920-3. Laboratory dry the saturated specimen In max RH of 50 % for at least 14 days. In case of saturated concrete specimen, the specimen with no readily available surface water should be used as a test specimen.
In case of oven dried concrete specimen, the specimen should be pre-condition for 3 days In an environmental chamber under a controlled temperature and RH of 50 C and 80 %, respectively followed by tOdays storage in sealed container at 23 C ± 2°C (27°C ±2°C for tropical count ries).
Start the test when the specimens are at least 28 days old. Immediately after the specimen Is demoulded, roughen the surface with a wire brush to remove the loose layer of cement paste if any on the test surface, so that the specimen is exposed to water pressure. In case of as-received samples extracted from existing structures, cut surface roughened with sand blasting may be used.
5.4.2 ApplicatIon of water pressure
The water used shall be potable tap water.
Place the specimen In the apparatus and apply a water pressure of 500 kPa ± 50 kPa for the duration of 72ht2h.
Do not apply the water pressure to a trowelled surface of a specimen,
During the test, periodically observe the appearance of the surfaces of the test specimen not exposed to the water pressure to note the presence of water, If leakage is observed, then record the fact and consider the validity of the result,
5.4.3 ExaminatIon of specimen
After the pressure has been applied for 72 h t 2 Ii. remove the specimen from the apparatus. Wipe the face on which the water pressure was applied to remove excess of water.
Immediately split the specimen In half, perpendicular to the face on which the water pressure was applied. When splitting the specimen, and during the examination, place the face of the specimen exposed to the water pressure on the bottom.
6.3 Test report for water penetration depth
In addition to the requirements in 6J the test report for water penetration depth shall include the following:
— type of specimen (water cured saturated, oven dried or as-received;
— shape and size of the test specimen;
— date of start of the test;
— direction of application of water pressure (on top or bottom of the specimen perpendicular to or parallel to the direction of casting);
— any deviation of the water penetration front from the acceptable ones;
— maximum depth of penetration. in mm;
— any leakage and consideration of the validity of the result (if appropriate);
— the penetration front curve:
— the age of the specimen when tested.