BS EN 486:1994 download.Aluminium and aluminium alloys Extrusion ingots pecifications.
1 Scope
BS EN 486 specifies the general requirements to be met by extrusion ingots of aluminium and aluminium alloys obtained by semi -continuous or continuous casting, from primary or recycled metal, for general engineering applications.
2 Normative references
BS EN 486 incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 573-1, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Chemical composition and form of wrought products — Part 1: Numerical designation system. EN 573-2, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Chemical composition and form of wrought products — Part 2: Chemical symbol based on designation system.
EN 573-3, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — chemical composition and form of wrought products — Part 3. Chemical composition.
EN 573-4. Aluminiunz and aluminium alloys — C’he,nical composition and form of wrought products — Part 4: Form of products.
EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents.
EN 29000, Quality management and quality assurance standards — Guidelines for selection and use (ISO 9000:1987).
EN 29004, Quality management and quality system elements — Guidelines (ISO 9004:1987).
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply.
3.1
extrusion ingot
metal cast in a form suitable for extruding
3.2
heat
quantity of liquid metal that has simultaneously undergone the same preparatory treatment in the furnace before the casting operation
3.3
cast
quantity of products cast simultaneously from the same heat
NOTE The different pieces of a cast may have different dimensions.
3.4
bundle
set of ingots held together by suitable means for their transport
4 Orders or callings for tenders The order or calling for tenders shall define the product required and shall contain the following information:
a) the form of the product (extrusion ingot); h) the designation of the aluminium or aluminium alloy according to EN 573-1 and EN 573-2 (or the customer alloy designation after agreement between supplier and purchaser). Tighter limits may be specified as required; c) whether as cast or homogenized;
The word “homogenized” can be replaced by the abbreviation “HO”. Other abbreviations shall be agreed between supplier and purchaser;
d) the number of BS EN 486; e) the nominal dimensions of the product (i.e. diameter and length) expressed in millimetres. For hollow ingots and ingots other than round, dimensions and tolerances shall be given with reference to a drawing;
f) quantity:
1) mass (in metric tonnes);
2) quantity tolerances if required. g) any requirements for inspection documents (see 7);
h) any additional requirements agreed between supplier and purchaser.
5 Requirements
5.1 Production and manufacturing processes If no special requirements have been agreed between producer and customer, the manufacturing process, including homogenizing, is the producer’s responsibility.
In the case of special requirements, it is recommended that trial quantities be produced to confirm that requirements are met. It is also recommended that the customer asks the producer to advise of any significant change in the manufacturing processes which may affect the quality of the final product.
It is recommended that a quality assurance system be implemented as described in EN 29000 and EN 29004.
5.2 Aluminium alloys
The main aluminium alloys used are given in
EN 573-4.
5.3 Chemical composition
The chemical composition of the ingots shall
conform to the compositions specified in EN 573-3.
5.4 Surface and internal quality
Extrusion ingots shall:
— he free of casting surface defects, handling
marks, oil, dirt and corrosion and
— be free of inclusions, porosity and cracks; and
— have a suitable metallurgical structure, to a
standard suitable for extrusion and subsequent
processing.
Unless otherwise agreed between customer and producer, the grain size is not guaranteed.
5.5 Tolerances on dimensions
5.5.1 Diameter (round ingots)
The measurements shall be taken at the two sawn ends, on two diameters 90° apart.
The tolerance on the nominal diameter is:
a) mm for ingot diameters not greater than 200 mm;
a) mm for ingot diameters greater than 200 mm and not greater than 400 mm;
a) mm for ingot diameters greater than or equal to 400 mm.
5.5.2 Length
The length is measured overall after sawing.
The tolerance is:
a) ± 3 mm for ingot lengths not greater than 1 200 mm;
b) ± 15 mm for ingot lengths greater than 1 200 mm.
5.5.3 Squareness
Sawn ends of extrusion ingots shall be square to ± 0,5°.
5.5.4 Straightness
The deflection, measured on any generating line of the ingot, shall be less than 3 mm per metre with a maximum of 15 mm over the full length of the ingot.
5.5.5 Other dimensions
For hollow ingots and ingots other than round, tolerances shall comply with the specifications in the order.
6 Test procedures
6.1 Analysis of chemical composition The analytical samples shall be taken in accordance with quality assurance procedures and shall be representative of the whole cast.
The analytical samples shall be taken during the cast, from the metal distribution system. after the grain refiner addition (if any).
The analytical samples shall be suitably machined and, when analysed by emission spectrometry, shall he subject to at least two determinations. The sample result is the arithmetic mean of the determinations.
The final result is the arithmetic mean of the results of the taken samples.
For cast acceptance, each sample shall meet the specified composition limits.
The producer shall determine and periodically check the analytical accuracy of each element analysed.
The producer shall use analytical methods standardized at the European or International level. The choice of appropriate methods is at the discretion of the producer.
6.2 Homogenizing treatment
The producer shall take suitable measures to guarantee the quality and reproducibility of homogenizing, especially by:
— periodic inspection and testing of the treated
metal;
— periodic checks of the actual temperature of
the ingots during treatment:
— the adoption of procedures to achieve
satisfactory reproducibility of the treatment. The homogenizing treatment shall be closely monitored by the producer’s quality control system.
6.3 Other tests
If required, other tests should be specified in the order after agreement between customer and producer.
7 Inspection documents
7.1 Certificate of mass and analysis The supplier shall provide with each delivery a certificate of mass and analysis which shall contain the following information:
a) the name and address of the production plant;
7.2.3 Documents established on the basis of inspections and tests performed or supervised by qualified personnel organizationally independent from the man ufactu ring department, according to the requirements specified on the order and carried out on the products for delivery or on the relevant inspection lot
Inspection certificates in accordance with
EN 10204:
— “3.1 A”: Certificate issued and validated by an inspector designated by the official regulations, in accordance with these and the corresponding technical rules
— “3.LB”: Certificate issued by the department independent of the manufacturing process and validated by an authorized representative of the producer independent of the manufacturing department.
— “3.i.C”: Certificate issued and validated by an authorized representative of the purchaser, in accordance with the specifications of the order.
8 Marking
Each extrusion ingot shall be stamped with at least the following:
— cast number;
— the designation of the aluminium or the
aluminium alloy as per the order;
— producer identification (e.g. logo, brand name);
— HO or any other agreed abbreviation if the
ingot is homogenized.
Labelling of each bundle shall be undertaken when agreed upon between supplier and purchaser.
9 Packaging, transport and storage
Extrusion ingots shall be packaged in bundles suitable for fork lift truck handling.
Specific packaging requirements may be agreed between the customer and the producer and shall be included in the order.
Transport and storage conditions shall maintain the extrusion ingots in a condition suitable for extrusion without the necessity of further operations.